• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    nasal seal and respiratory interface. the invention relates to a nasal seal for a respiratory interface that comprises a central receiving part of a lower and malleable nose that has a pre-formed concave shape to receive and contact the tip, the bottom sides and the base of the seal nose and contact the upper lip in a sealable manner, and position a passage for the gas flow below the user's nostrils. the seal may have resilience or memory for that preformed shape.
    公开号:BR112015011162B1
    申请号:R112015011162-9
    申请日:2013-11-15
    公开日:2021-03-30
    发明作者:Silas Sao Jin Siew；Amit Galgali；Ryan Anthony Graham；Mark Andrew Thompson；Olivia Marie Allan；Bruno Sintive
    申请人:Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [0001] The invention relates, in general, to a nasal seal for a respiratory interface and to an interface that includes the nasal seal comprising a mask or a mask and headgear. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0002] Respiratory interfaces are used to deliver gas or respiratory gases, such as air in CPAP therapy, to a user under positive pressure. A nasal interface distributes gas to the nose.
    [0003] The sealing of an indirect nasal interface contacts the upper lip, the face on each side of the nose and the bridge of the nose, being that it substantially encloses the nose. An indirect nasal interface can be relatively large on the face, can put pressure on the bridge of the nose and the interface frame can include a T-piece that connects to the headgear on the user's forehead, which also typically makes it difficult to use glasses, for example.
    [0004] A direct nasal interface is typically smaller on the face and does not comprise a T-piece and is thus less obstructive. However, a direct nasal interface typically comprises nasal pillows or the like that enter the user's nostrils to ensure an effective seal. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0005] An objective of the invention is to provide a nasal seal and / or interface that is enhanced in at least one or more aspects or at least that provides the public or the medical profession with a useful choice.
    [0006] In general terms, in one aspect, the invention comprises a nasal seal for a mask interface or a mask interface comprising a nasal seal, the seal comprising a contacting face or a user side comprising a central part of receiving the lower and malleable nose that has a pre-formed concave shape to receive and contact the tip, the bottom sides and the base of the nose in a sealable way and to contact the upper lip in a sealable way and to position a passage for flow of gas below the user's nostrils, with the malleable central part comprising portions of the left and right wall on the left and right sides of the passageway to contact the lower left and right sides of the user's nose, where the left and right portions of the wall or at least the upper sections of the left and right wall portions have a convex shape that protrudes outwards (in the opposite direction of an interior of the fence) on the sides opposite sides of the seal and where the seal comprises an external side of the seal opposite the user side, where the external side of the seal comprises external left and right stabilizing parts that end at external left and right tips adapted to contact the face adjacent to the lower flanks of the nose on the left and right sides of the nose when used, wherein said outer left and right parts of the seal are less flexible or rigid in relation to at least the central part of the user's side of the seal.
    [0007] The left and right wall portions of the malleable central part of the fence extend from the passage away from each other. In at least some embodiments, the convex shape that protrudes out of the left and right wall portion or the upper sections of the left and right wall portions are arranged to seal the crease or recess at the junction between the bottom of the sides of the nose and the face. These upper sections that protrude outward or are convex on the opposite sides of the seal are typically above the passage at a height of the seal.
    [0008] In at least some embodiments, the outer side of the seal connects to peripheral parts of the upper, lower and outer end of the user's side of the seal with a wall thickness that is reduced from that of the external side of the seal to the side of the seal. seal user. In at least some embodiments, the left and right peripheral parts of the seal at the left and right outer edges of the seal that contact the face, when used, include an approximately straight part that connects the upper and lower peripheral parts of the seal.
    [0009] Typically, a lower edge of the passageway is spaced backwards by a depth of the seal relative to an upper edge of the passageway.
    [0010] In at least some modalities, the seal has a hollow interior that is filled with air under positive pressure in use, at least on an inner side of the concave central part that receives the malleable lower nose on the user's side of the seal.
    [0011] Typically, the central concave part that receives the malleable lower nose has resilience or memory with respect to said preformed shape.
    [0012] In at least some embodiments, the central part comprises an upper wall portion above the passageway to contact the tip of the user's nose and a lower wall portion below the passageway and behind the upper wall portion to contact the lip top below the user's nose.
    [0013] In at least some embodiments, the upper wall portion, the lower wall portion and the left and right wall portions can have complex curved shapes (and, as each has an approximate main plane, these do not are coplanar).
    [0014] The portions of the upper wall, lower wall and malleable side wall of the center on the user's side of the seal have a pre-formed shape to receive and contact the tip, the bottom sides and the base of the user's nose in a sealable way. The malleable central part of the user side of the seal can have this preformed shape when it is not under positive air pressure from inside the seal. Although malleable and, thus, flexible in conformity, at least in the preferred modalities, it also has resilience or memory with respect to this preformed format. In other words, the seal has 'structure' because it maintains that pre-formed shape. Thus, for many users, the seal naturally fits or conforms to only a relatively small amount of shape change or deformation to the shape of these parts of the user's nose, even before the internal gas flow through the seal creates a positive pressure on the fence. The internal gas flow pressure in the seal presses the seal against these parts of the user's nose. For other users, the pressure of internal gas flow in the seal also causes the seal to change the shape to a greater degree to conform to the shape of the user's nose.
    [0015] The seal does not seal the bridge of the nose. The seal preferably does not extend at least to any significant extent, such as more than about 1 cm, for example, along any flat part of the cartilage protruding from the nose between the tip and the bridge.
    [0016] In at least some embodiments, the upper wall portion of the malleable central part of the user's side of the seal includes an upper concave section (in the larger general concavity of the malleable central part of the user's side of the seal) to specifically receive the tip of the nose, which is concave in both a height and a width of the seal. This upper concave section may have an intermediate wall thickness greater than the balance of the central part of the user's side of the seal, but less than the left and right external stabilization parts of the user's side of the seal or less than an external side of the seal. seal. It can extend from an upper edge of the seal outlet passage to or towards an upper periphery of the seal.
    [0017] In at least some embodiments, the user side of the seal also comprises external left and right stabilizing parts out of the left and right wall portions of the malleable central part, to contact the user's face adjacent to the lower flanks of the nose on the left and right sides of the nose and that are flexible or malleable, but relatively less (or that are relatively more rigid) than the central part that receives the lower and more malleable nose on the user side of the seal. For example, these left and right outer stabilization parts may have a thicker wall section than a central section of wall that receives the lower nose.
    [0018] The seal can be provided so that a junction or change in wall thickness on both sides of the seal between an inner edge of these left and right outer stabilization parts and the malleable central part of the seal rests or is adjacent to the junction between the lower sides of the nose and the face adjacent to the nose.
    [0019] The left and right external parts on the external side of the seal may be relatively less flexible than the central part that receives the lower nose and the left and right external stabilization parts on the user side of the seal. For example, the left and right outer parts of the outer side of the seal may have a greater wall thickness than the central part and the left and right stabilizing parts of the user's side of the seal. The hollow interior of the seal can extend between the left and right or side parts of the outer and user sides of the seal.
    [0020] An interface to which the seal may comprise a part may include a frame to which the seal is affixed. In at least some embodiments, the seal and the frame together form an enclosure that has a gas flow outlet opening for the respiratory system and a passage through the seal for the user.
    [0021] In a preferred embodiment, the frame comprises lateral arms that extend externally (one in the opposite direction to the other) and backwards beyond the left and right ends of the fence, to extend upwards at a shallow angle and along the left and right cheeks and, in particular, a user's cheekbones, to connect to the headgear to retain the seal on a user's face. Such side arms can be longer than they are deep or thick and can be flexibly resiliently connected to a central part of the frame and / or can be resiliently flexible along their length and can extend to a location between the the user's ears and eyes and / or to approximately the user's temple, where the side arms connect to the headgear. The shape of the side frame arms and / or the angle between the side frame arms is such that the side arms rest on the left and right cheeks and in particular on a user's cheekbones to assist in stabilizing the interface against rotation in around a horizontal geometric axis when used.
    [0022] At its outer ends, the side arms comprise connector parts for removably connecting the frame to the headgear. In a preferred form, the end of each side frame arm comprises a hook and, in particular, a hook part opened upwardly, to enter a headgear strap.
    [0023] In preferential modalities, the interface does not comprise a T-piece from the frame upwards (when used) to connect to the head accessory on the user's forehead.
    [0024] In one embodiment, the head accessory suitable for use with an interface assembly of the invention comprises a rear strap to extend around a rear of a user’s head and a top strap to extend over the top of a user’s head. The back strap can extend around a lower back of the wearer's head and, in particular, over a lower part of the occipital bone. The top strap can be a crown strap or a forehead strap.
    [0025] The seal of the invention comprises less flexible left and right stabilizing external parts adapted to contact the face adjacent to the lower flanks of the nose on the left and right sides of the nose, when used. The seal has an improved stability against rotation in the face, due, for example, to the frictional forces of the tube that can break the seal and cause leakage, as occurs in preferred interface modalities that comprise the seal and with side arms, as described , even if the seal does not seal the bridge of the sensitive nose or extends at least to any significant extent, such as more than about 1 cm, for example, over any flat part of cartilage protruding from the nose between the tip and the bridge. The seal also allows a nasal interface to be smaller than an indirect nasal interface that substantially encloses the nose and can be relatively large on the face and also does not require the pads or the like of a conventional direct nasal interface that protrudes into the user's nostrils. The center of the user's side of the seal has a pre-formed shape to receive and contact the tip, the bottom sides and the base of the user's nose in a sealable way and to contact the user's upper lip below the nose in a sealable way. At the same time, this central part of the seal is malleable so that the internal gas pressure presses the seal against these parts of the nose to improve the seal and so that the seal still conforms to the shape of those parts of the nose (for many users with only a relatively small amount of shape change or deformation). Despite being malleable, the seal also has resilience or memory, in order to retain, with respect to this preformed shape. In addition, because the seal has this pre-formed shape to receive and contact the lower parts of the user's nose and upper lip, the seal can be efficient at relatively low gas flow rates through the mask which creates only a pressure of relatively low internal gas in the nose seal, such as flow rates below about 4 cm H2O, for example. The left and right wall portions, or at least the upper sections of the left and right wall portions of the malleable center on the user side, have a convex shape that protrudes outwards (in the opposite direction from an interior of the fence) on the sides opposite sides of the seal. These upper sections that protrude outward or are convex on the opposite sides of the seal contact the crease or recess at the junction between the bottom of the sides of the nose and the face and assist in preventing upward leakage of air pressure towards the eyes, in that area. Under the pressure of gas in the seal, they deform (push) upward against the face in that area to improve that seal.
    [0026] In addition, as the seal at least in the preferred modalities maintains its shape or structure even when not used or under internal gas pressure, it is relative and visually evident to a user how to put or position the mask on the face, when a user begins to use for the first time a mask that comprises the seal of the invention. It is relatively evident, from its shape, the way to position an indirect nasal mask on the face and also in the case of a direct nasal interface that includes nasal pillows or similar that enter the user's nostrils, but it may not be immediately evident, at least least for some new users, in the case of a mask with a seal that engages only the bottom of the nose, but without covering the nose and without parts that enter the nose and the preformed shape of the seal of the invention makes it more evident, for such a mask, as the seal, and thus the mask must be positioned on the face. Thus, the mask can be more intuitive to use. OTHERS
    [0027] The seals can be useful in respiratory interfaces, particularly for CPAP therapy, at air pressures in the range of about 0.5 to about 30 cm of H2O, for example. DEFINITIONS
    [0028] In this specification, the term "user" means people from or in a size range (s) of average adults.
    [0029] In this specification, the terms "height", "width" and "depth" in relation to the interface, mask or fence mean approximately vertical, transversely horizontal and horizontal from front to back through or in relation to the interface, the mask or seal when used by a standing user in an upright position.
    [0030] In this specification, the term "concave" means a recess (or recess) of any shape and not just mathematically convex and "convex" has a similar meaning.
    [0031] In this specification, the term "that comprises" means "that it consists at least in part of". When interpreting a statement in this specification and claims that includes “that you understand”, other resources besides that or those preceded by the term may also be present. Related terms, such as "understand" and "understand" should be interpreted in a similar way.
    [0032] References to any prior technique in this specification are not and should not be interpreted as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the prior technique is part of the common general knowledge in the field of enterprise in any country in the world. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0033] The modalities of the invention are described in relation to the attached drawings, by way of example and without the intention of limitation, in which:
    [0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for providing a humidified and heated gas stream to a user, such as a continuous positive airway pressure system,
    [0035] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a person using a patient interface of an embodiment of the invention,
    [0036] Figure 3 is an exploded view that illustrates the components that make up the interface of Figure 2,
    [0037] Figure 4A is a vertical cross-sectional view, Figure 4B is a horizontal cross-sectional view along line II of Figure 4A and Figure 4C is a vertical cross-sectional view along line II-II of Figure 4B and the interface of Figures 2 and 3 used by a patient and with a positive pressure airflow through the interface,
    [0038] Figure 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a fence,
    [0039] Figure 6 is a side view of the seal,
    [0040] Figure 7 is a top view of the fence,
    [0041] Figure 8 is a bottom view of the fence,
    [0042] Figure 9 is a view from the user side of the seal,
    [0043] Figure 10 is a view from the outside of the fence,
    [0044] Figure 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the seal,
    [0045] Figure 12 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the seal,
    [0046] Figure 13 is a side view of the interface,
    [0047] Figure 14 is a top view of the interface,
    [0048] Figure 15 is a vertical cross-sectional view through the interface,
    [0049] Figure 16 is a horizontal cross-sectional view through the interface,
    [0050] Figure 17 shows the interface with a modality of accessory for the head,
    [0051] Figure 18A is an enlarged profile view of a strap or buckle end of a strap and Figure 18B is an enlarged side view of the strap or buckle end of the headgear of Figure 17,
    [0052] Figure 19 is a rear view of the head accessory of Figure 17 showing two buckles in Figures 18A and 18B, each with an end of the tongue strap that passes through the buckle,
    [0053] Figure 20 is a view similar to Figure 17 that includes a modality of accessory for the head similar to that of Figures 17 to 19, but, in this modality, with an alternative top belt construction,
    [0054] Figure 21 is a perspective view of an interface (excluding the headgear) of an embodiment of the invention, in which the seal comprises side hinges,
    [0055] Figure 22 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the interface of Figure 21,
    [0056] Figure 23 is a perspective view of an interface (excluding the headgear) of another embodiment of the invention, in which the seal comprises side hinges,
    [0057] Figure 24 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the interface of Figure 23,
    [0058] Figures 25 to 29A and 29B illustrate modalities of headgear that cover the user’s ears and can include at least two sections that have different material characteristics,
    [0059] Figures 30 to 35 illustrate modalities of accessory for the extended head that use the chin and the parietal region of the head as anchor points,
    [0060] Figure 36 illustrates a display structure for connecting a mask frame to extend the straps of any of the modalities of Figures 30 to 35,
    [0061] Figures 37 to 47A illustrate modalities of headwear that preferably comprise a single elastic strap that ties around the top of the head and has a rigid or flexible plastic strap that is attached to the elastic strap above the ear and wraps around the lower portion of the back of the head,
    [0062] Figure 47B is a cross section of the plastic belt of Figure 47A,
    [0063] Figures 48 to 62 illustrate nasal sealing modalities that have stabilizing tabs to transfer the load from the sealing surface to the cheeks instead of the lip and the bridge of the nose,
    [0064] Figure 63 illustrates modalities of a flexible mask frame for OSA masks with arms that cause the frame to push inward against the seal when the headgear is tightened, and
    [0065] Figures 64 to 82 illustrate modalities of inflatable nasal seal that sit below the nose and comprise wings that extend around the sides of the nose, preferably below the eyes, and which avoid the bridge of the nose. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE MODALITIES OVERVIEW
    [0066] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a continuous positive airway pressure system (CPAP) 10 to supply a humidified and heated air stream to a U user through an interface 11 used by the user and which is connected to the CPAP system 10 via a conduit or tube 12.
    [0067] A humidification chamber 14 has a conductive heat base in contact with a heater plate 16 of humidifier 17 to humidify the air stream. Conduit 12 is connected to an outlet 13 of the humidification chamber 14 to carry humidified air to the user interface 11. Humidifier 17 comprises a controller 18, such as a microprocessor based controller, which executes stored computer software commands in an associated memory, for example, but without limitation. Controller 18 receives admission commands from multiple sources, including an admission user interface 19, such as a dial or touch screen, which allows adjustment of a predetermined value of humidity, temperature or other feature of the system. humidified air supplied to user U. Controller 18 can also receive intake from one or more other sources, such as, for example, temperature and / or flow rate sensors 20 and 21, which are connected via a connector 22 to communicate with controller 18 and / or a hotplate temperature sensor 23. In response to the humidity or temperature value set for the user, controller 19 determines when and / or at what level hotplate 16 should be energized to properly heat the water contained in the humidification chamber 14.
    [0068] As the volume of water in the chamber is heated, water vapor begins to fill the volume of the chamber above a water surface. The water vapor passes out of the outlet 13 of the humidification chamber with an air flow that is supplied from a supply 25, such as a fan 27, which enters the humidification chamber 30 through an inlet 26. The fan 27 variable fan speed power or can include a variable pressure regulator. Fan 27 sucks air through an inlet 28. The fan can be controlled by controller 29 or controller 18, for example. The controller can control fan speed, regulated pressure or the like, according to any suitable criteria. For example, the controller can respond to admissions from controller 18 and an established user value (for example, a pre-established value) of pressure and / or fan speed, which can be established with a user interface 30 (for example, a dial).
    [0069] The conduit 12 may comprise a heater, such as a heating wire, for example, to heat the walls of the conduit to reduce the condensation of humidified gases in the conduit.
    [0070] The seal and interfaces of the invention can be used in a CPAP system, as described, humidified or not, or, alternatively, in other forms of respiratory systems, such as, for example, VPAP (Positive Airflow Pressure) systems Variable), BiPAP (Bilevel Positive Airflow Pressure) systems or with a ventilator and which are described in this document, in general, in relation to CPAP therapy as an example only.
    [0071] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a user U using an interface 11 of an embodiment of the invention and Figure 3 is an exploded view illustrating the components of the interface. The interface comprises a mask that includes a seal 30 and a frame 31. The interface also includes a head accessory 32 for attaching the mask to the user. Typically, the interface also comprises a flexible, short supply conduit or tube 33 from the mask, such as from a central connection in front of the mask, which connects to the supply conduit 12 of the CPAP or other respiratory system. The conduit 33 can connect to the mask through a hollow elbow 34 that can rotate in relation to the frame, so that the path of the conduit in relation to the positioning of the mask on the patient's face can adapt to the patient's sleeping position.
    [0072] The mask may include a limited flow outlet (or an oblique flow outlet) 35 to provide gas elimination from the interface. Exit 35 may take the form of a collection of small passages. The outlet can be provided at the elbow 34 as shown, on the frame or elsewhere on the interface. SEAL
    [0073] Figures 5 to 12 show an embodiment of a seal. As stated, a user side or contacting the face of the seal comprises a central concave part that receives the malleable bottom nose 39 (see particularly Figure 5) of preformed shape to form a seal on the face of the user, receiving and contacting the tip, bottom sides and base of the nose in a sealable manner and contacting the upper lip in a sealable manner and to position a passage 40 for gas flow below the user's nostrils. The central part that receives the lower and malleable nose comprises an upper wall portion 41 for contacting the user's nose tip, an inwardly spaced lower wall portion 42 for contacting the upper lip below the user's nose and portions of the left wall and right 43 and 44 to contact the lower left and right sides of the user's nose.
    [0074] Each of the upper and lower wall portions 41 and 42 is symmetrical around the separate geometric axes A and B (see Figure 6) at height h of the fence (see Figure 5). These geometrical axes A and B are spaced apart at a depth d of the seal, for example, between about 1 to about 3 cm or about 1.5 to about 2.5 cm. As alternatively stated, the lower wall portion 42 below the outlet passage is closer to the left and right rear ends of the fence than the upper wall portion 41. The left and right wall portions 43 and 44 extend from the pass 40 apart. An angle between the left and right wall portions 43 and 44 can be between about 20 and about 60 degrees or about 30 and about 50 degrees, for example.
    [0075] A lower edge 40a of the passage 40 is spaced backwards in the depth of the seal in relation to an upper edge 40b of the passage.
    [0076] At least in the preferred modalities, the seal has a hollow interior that is filled with air under positive pressure in use.
    [0077] The concave central part that receives the malleable lower nose has a thin wall thickness, such as a wall thickness in the range of about 0.1 to about 0.5 mm or about 0.1 to about 0.3 mm or about 0.2 to about 0.3 mm, for example. At the same time and as long as it is flexible and conformable in a flexible way, at least in the preferred modalities, it also has resilience or memory with respect to this format, so that it has or maintains that preformed format, even when is not under positive air pressure from inside the seal.
    [0078] The material from which at least the malleable central portion of the thin wall seal is formed can be a soft extensible material, such as a silicone material or, alternatively, a TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), for example. In preferred forms, the seal is an integral component from which all the parts and portions described are integrally formed, for example, from such material, by injection molding, for example. In an alternative embodiment, however, only one user side of the seal can be formed from this material and can be bonded to a more rigid coating that is coupled to or is integrally formed by an interface frame. Alternatively, the seal may be a foam or gel-filled seal.
    [0079] Typically, the fence is wider in a fence width than it is larger in a fence height. In at least some embodiments, the fence may have an overall width of between about 5 and about 10 cm or between about 6 cm and about 8 cm. In at least some embodiments, the fence may have an overall height of less than about 5 cm or less than about 4.5 cm.
    [0080] The passage 40 can be lengthened by a width of the seal. Passage 40 may have approximately a trapezoidal shape in a plan view (seen from above). In at least some embodiments, at least a part of a periphery of the passageway comprises a thickened rim within the seal.
    [0081] Figure 4A is a vertical cross-sectional view, Figure 4B is a horizontal cross-sectional view along line II of Figure 4A and Figure 4C is a vertical cross-sectional view along line II-II of Figure 4B of an interface (the interface of Figures 2 and 3) comprising the seal, then described, used by a user and with a positive pressure airflow through the interface. The pre-formed shape defined between the upper wall, lower wall and malleable side wall 41 to 44 of the center of the user's side of the seal receives and contacts the tip, the bottom sides and the base of the nose of the seal. user (see Figures 4A and 4B in particular). For many users, the seal adjusts or conforms naturally with only a relatively small amount of shape change or deformation to the shape of these parts of the user's nose, without positive pressure of internal gas flow or before. The internal gas flow pressure in the seal presses the seal against these parts of the user's nose. For other users, the internal gas flow pressure in the seal causes the seal to change the shape to a greater degree to conform to the shape of the user's nose.
    [0082] As can be seen, the seal does not seal the bridge of the nose or any flat part of cartilage protruding from the nose between the tip and the bridge.
    [0083] At least in the modality shown, the upper wall portion 41 above the passage 40 includes an upper concave section 41a (see especially Figure 9) in the larger general concavity of the malleable central part of the user side of the seal, to receive specifically the tip of the nose that is concave in both the height and the width of the seal. This upper concave section 41a may have an intermediate wall thickness greater than the balance of the central part of the user's side of the seal, but less than the external left and right stabilizing parts of the user's side of the seal, as subsequently described, or smaller than an external side of the seal. It can have a wall thickness in the range of about 0.4 or 0.5 mm to about 1 or 2 mm, for example. The upper concave section 41a may extend from the upper edge 40b of the seal outlet passage to or towards an upper periphery of the seal. It may have symmetry around the geometric height axis of the fence. Above this slightly thicker wall thickness section 41A, the thickness of the upper wall section 41 in 41b is preferably reduced, for example, with a tapered wall section, for example, to return to the same thinner wall thickness of the portions bottom wall and side wall 42 to 44 from the center on the user side of the seal.
    [0084] Thus, the user side wall of the preferred mode fence, then described, has (before being used) an approximate pre-formed S shape in vertical and central cross-section - see Figure 11. That is, the upper wall portion 41 is concave, especially at 41a, to receive the tip of the user's nose and the lower wall portion 42 is convex to contact the upper lip below the user's nose with the pad and these upper and lower portions are joined through the passage. In the preferred embodiment, the S shape can be considered truncated at the top, where the upper wall portion 41 is less convex than the lower wall portion is concave. In addition, the seal has an approximate U shape, when considered in horizontal cross-section - see Figure 7.
    [0085] At least in the modality shown, the left and right wall portions 43 and 44, or at least the upper sections 43a and 44a of the left and right wall portions 43 and 44, have a convex shape that protrudes outward or that collides (in the opposite direction of an interior of the seal) with the opposite sides of the seal. These outward or convex upper sections 43a and 44a on opposite sides of the seal are typically above the passage at the height of the seal, as shown. They can contact the corners of the nose or the crease or the recess at the junction between the bottom of the sides of the nose and the face and can help prevent leakage of upward air pressure, towards the eyes, in that area. Under gas pressure in the seal, they can deform (push) outward and / or inflate against the corners of the nose to improve that seal. The outward or convex sections 43a and 44a can be located between the left and right outer stabilization parts 53 and 54 (described in greater detail below) and the upper concave section 41a of the malleable central part on the user side of the seal . The seal can be pre-formed with the outward-facing or convex sections 43a and 44a on the user side. The convex sections 43a and 44a are preferably convex in both a height and a width of the seal. This convex section 43a and 44a may have a wall similar to the balance of the central part of the user's side of the seal, but smaller than the external left and right stabilizing parts of the user's side of the seal, as described subsequently, or less than one side seal. It can have a wall thickness in the range of about 0.1 to about 0.5 mm or from about 0.1 to about 0.3 mm or from about 0.2 to about 0.3 mm, for example.
    [0086] In an alternative modality, the single passage 40 can be replaced by two smaller passages (separated by a bridge between them, which can be slightly thickened, for example), of which the rim and the rim of each are turned upwards to sit against the entrance of the user's nostrils, that is, to enter the nostrils slightly, for example, by about 0.1 to about 3 mm.
    [0087] In at least some embodiments, the user side of the seal comprises external left and right stabilizing parts 53 and 54 beyond or that connect to the left and right wall portions 42 and 44 of the malleable central part, to contact the face adjacent to the lower flanks of the nose on the left and right sides of the nose (refer in particular to Figure 4C). These external stabilizing parts 53 and 54 are flexible or malleable, but relatively less (or relatively more rigid) than the central part that receives the lower and more malleable nose of the seal. For example, these left and right external stabilization parts 53 and 54 may have a thicker wall section than a central section wall that receives the lower nose (see Figure 12). The wall thickness of them can be in the range of about 0.5mm to about 1 or 2 mm, for example. An angle between these left and right outer stabilization parts can be between about 30 and about 180 degrees or about 70 and about 150 degrees, for example. The left and right external stabilization parts 53 and 54 assist in stabilizing or positioning the seal on the user's face and, in particular, can assist in stabilizing the seal or the interface against rotation around a horizontal geometric axis when used.
    [0088] The seal can be provided so that a joint or change in wall thickness on both sides of the seal between an inner edge 53a and 53b (see Figure 12) of these left and right outer stabilizing parts 53 and 54 and a central part of more malleable walls 43 and 44 of the seal is seated on or adjacent to the junction between the lower sides of the nose and the face adjacent to the nose when the interface is used.
    [0089] The seal comprises an external side opposite the user side which is less flexible or is rigid, in relation to at least the central part of the user side of the seal, and which may be less flexible or more rigid than the central part and the external left and right stabilizing parts on the user side of the seal. For example, the left and right outer parts of the outer side of the seal may have a wall thickness greater than the central part or the central part and the left and right stabilizing parts of the patient contact side of the seal.
    [0090] The outer side of the seal comprises less flexible left and right stabilization parts 63 and 64 adapted to contact the face adjacent to the lower flanks of the nose on the left and right sides of the nose when used. The hollow interior of the seal can extend between these left and right sides 63 and 64 on the outside of the seal and the left and right parts 53 and 54 on the user side of the seal. An angle between the left and right parts 63 and 64 on the outside of the seal can be in the range between greater than about 20 to about 90 degrees or about 30 to about 60 degrees, for example. These left and right parts can be formed from the same material as the user side of the seal, such as a silicone material that can have a wall thickness of about 3 mm to about 5 mm, for example. These integral left and right stabilizing parts 63 and 64 provide the seal with improved stability against face rotation due, for example, to tube frictional forces.
    [0091] In some embodiments, the outer side of the seal connects to peripheral parts of the upper, lower and outer ends 65 to 68 of the user's side of the seal with a wall thickness that is reduced, for example, with a wall section tapered, from the outside of the seal to the user's side of the seal. In particular, in the embodiment shown, the bridge portion 65a (see Figures 5 and 7) between the outer side of the fence and the top of the upper wall section 41 has a thin wall section, so that it is also flexible or that accommodate a depth of the seal to assist in accommodating different nose depths (face to tip). It can have a wall thickness similar to that of malleable portions of lower wall and side wall 42 to 44 from the center of the user side of the seal, for example.
    [0092] In at least some embodiments, the left and right peripheral parts 67 and 68 of the seal at the left and right outer edges of the seal that contact the face, when used, include an approximately straight part that connects the upper and lower peripheral parts 65 and 66 of the seal.
    [0093] In the embodiment shown, the outer side of the seal includes an opening 70 for passing gas flow to and from the hollow interior of the seal. Typically, the rim and sealing wall 71 around opening 70 are substantially thicker and relatively stiffer than the malleable sealing portions of the seal. FRAME
    [0094] Figures 13 to 16 show an interface of an embodiment of the invention. The interface comprises the seal of Figures 5 to 12. The frame (and the elbow) can be formed to be more rigid than the seal.
    [0095] In the embodiment shown, the seal 30 is fixed to the frame 31 through the flexible ring in a resilient and extensible way 71 around the passage 70 on the outside of the seal that engages on a complementary formation, such as a ring on the side of user of the frame 31, around a passage through the frame from the inside of the elbow 34. Thus, the seal 30 and the frame 31 together form an enclosure that has a gas flow inlet from the CPAP system and the passage 40 by sealing to the user.
    [0096] In the modality shown, the seal 30 is fixed to a part of subsidiary frame or projection 31b that has a rim 81 that engages, for example, in a pressure adjustment, in a corresponding passage 82 in a central part 31c of the primary frame part 31 as shown. On the sealing side, the projection 31b has a peripheral flange 83 of slightly larger diameter. In addition, the depth of the rim 81 of the projection is greater than that of its receiving passage 82 in the central frame part 31c, so that when the projection 31b is in place in the frame part 31a, an annular space is defined between the inside or the user side of the central part 31c of the primary frame part 31a and the projection flange 83 around the projection, on which the rim 71 of the seal is adjusted to secure the seal to the frame, extending the sealing ring 71 on the flange (see Figures 3, 15 and 16). The inner surface of the rim 71 of the seal may include features, such as edges and / or channels, to engage features, such as channels and / or edges, in the frame to separably secure the seal to the frame. Alternatively, the seal can be attached to the frame by clip parts or over-molded to a rim which, in turn, is attached to the frame, for example. In the modality shown, the plane of the rim 71 of the seal is approximately vertical when the mask is used by a user standing upright, but in another mode, the seal can be formed, so that the plane of the seal rim is at an acute angle to the horizontal, such as an angle in the range of 45 to 90 degrees, for example, although the seal body is still oriented in relation to the frame which includes side arms and the users face when used, as shown in the Figures 13 to 17.
    [0097] The frame 31 may comprise lateral arms 31d that extend externally (one in the opposite direction to the other) and back and up at a shallow angle, in addition to the left and right ends of the seal and along the left and right cheeks , and in particular, a user's cheekbones, as shown in Figure 2, to connect to the headgear to retain the seal on a user's face. Such side arms 31d can be longer than they are deep or thick and can be flexibly and resiliently connected to the frame and / or flexibly and resiliently along its length (in the width direction, but not in the height direction) ) and can extend to a location between the user's ears and eyes and / or approximately the user's temple, where the side arms connect to the headgear. In a preferred embodiment, the length of the side arms is between about 100 mm and about 150 mm. The shape of the side arms 31d and / or the angle between them is such that the side arms rest on the left and right cheeks and, in particular, on a user's cheekbones to assist in stabilizing the interface against rotation around a horizontal geometric axis when used. The side arms 31d can be integrally formed with the frame by injection molding from a plastic material, for example. The side arms can be resiliently flexible towards and away from a user's face in an approximately horizontal plane (when used), to accommodate different face sizes, but are relatively inflexible in an approximately vertical plane. As shown in Figure 13 (only), the side arms can comprise a passage or cutout that extends along the length of the side arms, preferably towards the length of a major part of the length of the side arms, to increase this resilient flexibility of the lateral arms towards and away from a user's face, but to maintain relative inflexibility in an approximately vertical plane (when used).
    [0098] Preferably, the side arms 31d comprise a softer material, at least on the surfaces facing the user of the side arms or completely around the side arms, to soften the contact of the side arms with the face of a user, being that can be removable for cleaning.
    [0099] At their outer ends, the side arms 31d comprise connector parts for removably connecting the side arms to the headgear. In a preferred form, the end of each side arm comprises a hook 85 and, in particular, a hook part opened upwardly to enter a headgear 95 of the headgear.
    [00100] In preferred modes, the interface does not comprise a T-piece from the frame upwards (when used) to connect to the head accessory on the user's forehead.
    [00101] Instead of the side arms as shown (or with shorter side arms), the ends of the headgear straps can attach to the mask frame (or shorter side arms) on both sides (left and right) right) through more rigid belt ends that end in the mask, by a fixing mechanism that allows movement in an approximately horizontal plane, but not in an approximately vertical plane, such as a hook that engages in a straight vertical slot in the frame in mask.
    [00102] As stated, the frame may comprise an elbow 34 connected to the opening through the frame. The elbow can be a rotating elbow. In preferred forms, connecting the elbow to the frame provides both rotation and articulation of the elbow in relation to the frame. For example, the connection may comprise a ball joint connection to the frame, so that the elbow can pivot about the geometric axes parallel to and perpendicular to its connection to the mask. The elbow may include a spherical end part 34a (see Figure 3) that fits by pressure into a socket opening 31e in the frame part 31b.
    [00103] The elbow 34 is connected to the end of a length of flexible tubing 33. The other end of the flexible tubing 33 ends with a connector 33a. The elbow 34 preferably defines an angle between the flow in the conduit 33 and the flow through the connection to the mask between 0 ° and about 90 ° or about 30 ° and about 60 °.
    [00104] As stated, the elbow may include a gas-eliminating vent 35 which may comprise a plurality of holes through the elbow, from the inside to the outside. The vent passages are preferably located outside the elbow curve, substantially in line with the flow path of the gases exiting the mask. Alternatively, the vent (s) for eliminating gas (s) can be provided in the frame, for example. HEAD ACCESSORIES
    [00105] Figure 17 shows the interface with a modality of head accessory suitable for use with an interface mask of the invention. The head accessory comprises a rear strap 91 to extend around a rear part of a user's head and a top strap 92 to extend over the top of a user's head. The rear belt 91 may extend around a lower back of the wearer's head and, in particular, over a lower part of the occipital bone. The top belt 92 can be a crown belt or a forehead belt.
    [00106] The head accessory can be formed, at least in part, from a soft flexible material, such as a foam material covered by fabric, such as a BREATH-O-PRENE material, for example. The head accessory can be formed by cutting the head accessory to mold from sheet material, cutting with a blade or cutting with a radio frequency, for example. In one embodiment, the edges of the headgear are thermoformed, that is, compressed under heat, to form rounded edges. That is, heat and pressure are applied along the edges of the headgear to compress the opposite outer surfaces of the headgear material towards each other at the edges, with the heat connecting them. This can be done simultaneously with cutting the headgear to shape, for example, by cutting an outline of the shape of the headgear in the sheet material and by thermoforming to define the rounded edges of the headgear in one operation or, instead, by first cutting the headgear to shape and then rounding the edges in a second operation. The rounded edges or any joints in the headgear can alternatively be formed by ultrasonic welding or by radio frequency, for example.
    [00107] In at least some embodiments, the length of the rear belt 91 and / or the top belt 92 is adjustable. For example, the top belt can be formed in two parts, one of which ends in a loop 96, the other ends in a tongue 97 which can pass through the loop and be attached back over the belt part to secure the length of the top strap by a hook or loop holding plate or flap from the end of the tongue and a loop or hook plate on the belt or a flap fabric cover (strap and tongue adjustment). The rear belt can have a buckle 96 and a latch 97 on the left and right sides, as shown, for length adjustment, as shown in Figure 19, or, alternatively, on one side or centrally. In preferred shapes, the buckles 96 are formed separately from a different and relatively more rigid material, such as a plastic material, for example, by injection molding, for example, and are fixed to the end of a soft belt by welding, such as ultrasonic welding, for example, or other suitable means. Figure 18A is an enlarged profile view and Figure 18B is an enlarged side view of a buckle end 96 of a head accessory part or strap. Each buckle (or fastener part) comprises a first portion 96a attached to the soft flexible material of the headgear and a second free portion 96b comprising an open loop to receive the tongue end of a strap through it.
    [00108] In a preferred form, the headgear comprises a loop 95 on each one between the left side and a right side of the headgear, as mentioned earlier, in a place positioned between the eyes and the ears, when the headgear is used to receive a hook end 85 from the side arms of the interface, as described above. The hook end of the side arms attaches directly to the headband made up of the rear and top straps, without a side strap from the headband towards the mask. In this or other modalities, the side arms can, alternatively, be fixed to the head accessory by means of clips or release hooks or by means of hook and loop fixation, for example.
    [00109] Figure 20 is a view similar to Figure 17 that includes a modality of head accessory similar to that of Figures 17 to 19, but in this modality, with an alternative top belt construction. In this embodiment, the top strap is not formed by the same material as the balance of the headgear, such as a soft flexible material, such as a foam material covered by fabric, but it is formed by a plastic material without foam, such as a plastic belt that can be relatively inextensible in the length direction (but which is flexible, on the other hand, to accommodate the head shape). Again, the top belt can be formed in two parts, one of which ends in a tongue with passages 97a and the other that ends in a buckle with buttons 96a through which tongue 97a can pass in an adjustable way and buttons on which the tongue passages can be adjusted, with a pressure adjustment, to fix the adjustment and thus the length of the top belt. Optionally, a soft material can be provided on the user side of the top belt, or part of it, for user comfort.
    [00110] In modalities in which the side frame arms attach directly to the headgear, such as a headband, as shown, made up of the top and rear straps, without a side strap from the headband towards the frame, as shown, and the edges of the headgear are thermoformed, that is, by compression under heat to form rounded edges, as described above, which tend to reduce the “weakness” of the soft headgear and make the headband tend to maintain its headband shape, the headgear can be worn (“like a cap”) by attaching the frame to the seal or close to the seal (as an individual would hold a cap in its end, when suspending it or turning it over the head). The headgear can be removed or removed in a similar reverse action. Other aspects of the headgear and frame that help reduce the “weakness” of the soft headgear and cause it to maintain its headband shape include the relatively high density of the foam used to form the headband. headgear, the relatively long side arms of the frame which extend substantially towards or adjacent to the user's cheeks when used and / or the rigidity of the connections (the tight tolerance parts or the tight connections of the headgear around the connectors) between the side arms and the headband (tight straps 59 around the hooks 85) and / or the head and top strap connections of the head accessory (tight straps around the buckles 96). Such aspects of the headgear allow the headgear to be worn (“like a cap”), with the frame stopping at the fence or close to the fence (as an individual would hold a cap at its end when suspending it or turn it over your head). The headgear can be removed or removed in a similar reverse action.
    [00111] Seals and masks of the invention can be used with the head accessory in other ways, such as a head accessory with two straps that attach to the mask on both sides, that is, a head accessory that comprises upper and lower straps on the left and right sides. The frame of such an interface modality may or may not comprise side arms, as described above. The upper left and right straps can pass downwards (when the headgear is worn) between the user's eyes and ears, and the lower left and right straps can extend from the lower back of the head and below the ears. for the mask (and attach each side to the mask, below the upper straps). Alternatively, the upper and lower straps can be joined, for example, on a more rigid fork before attaching to the mask frame or integral with the mask frame. Such a head accessory may have a buckle and tongue, a strap and a tongue (as described above) or other adjustment on the upper or lower straps or on both sides, along part of its length (s) or connecting the straps to the mask. In less preferred embodiments, the upper straps can be attached to the top of a T-piece that extends upwards from the frame to the user's forehead. In another embodiment, the headgear may again comprise a single strap that passes or ties from the mask on one side around the back of the head and back to the mask on the other side. Such headgear strap may be elastic or may be resiliently extended and / or may have a length adjustment device (for example, buckle and tongue, strap and tongue, etc.) at the rear or on the sides or when connecting the headgear to the mask on one or both sides. Variants of such a head accessory may also comprise a crown strap. SIDE HINGES IN SEAL
    [00112] Figures 21 and 22 and 23 and 24 show two types of masks of the invention, in which each of the left and right external parts of the external side of the seal comprises a portion of upper flexibility intermediate its length. These portions of superior flexibility allow a transverse movement of the seal swing in relation to the part of the seal that includes the rim 71 that connects to an interface frame. Thus, they may allow some movement of the mask frame, due to the lateral force on the mask when a user is sleeping on his side with one side of his face against a pillow, for example, which tends to push the frame towards the sides, with a lesser tendency to also move the seal itself sideways, particularly the user side or contacting the face of the seal, which can break the seal to contact the face and lead to an air leak.
    [00113] In the modalities shown, the portions of superior flexibility comprise folds 101/102 in a lateral wall on the external side of the seal, directed towards the interior of the seal. The folds have a thinner wall section than the outer side of the seal on both sides of the folds. In the embodiment of Figures 21 and 22, the inwardly oriented folds 101a and 101b partially extend along the width of a hollow interior of the seal. In the embodiment of Figures 23 and 24, the inwardly directed folds 102a and 102b extend partly to a depth of a hollow interior of the seal. The modalities of Figures 21 to 24 are, on the other hand, the same as the modalities of Figures 2 to 17. SUMMARY
    [00114] The seal of the invention comprises less flexible left and right stabilizing external parts, adapted to contact the face adjacent to the lower flanks of the nose on the left and right sides of the nose when used. The seal has improved stability against rotation on the face and, in particular, around a geometric axis of the seal width, due, for example, to tube frictional forces that can break the seal and cause leakage, as do the Preferred modalities of the interfaces comprising the seal and with side arms, as described, even if the seal does not seal the bridge of the sensitive nose or extends at least to any significant extent, such as greater than 1 cm, for example, over any part plane of cartilage protruding from the nose between the tip and the bridge. The left and right wall portions, or at least the upper sections of the left and right wall portions of the malleable center on the user side, have a convex shape that protrudes outwards (in the opposite direction from an interior of the fence) on the sides opposite sides of the seal. These upper sections that protrude outward or are convex on the opposite sides of the seal contact the crease or recess at the junction between the bottom of the sides of the nose and the face and assist in preventing leakage upward of air pressure, towards the eyes, in that area. Under the pressure of gas in the seal, they deform (push) outward against the face, in this area, to improve that seal. The preformed or structured but still malleable and conformable shape of the seal of the invention provides a seal that, for many users, fits or conforms naturally with only a relatively small amount of shape change or deformation and positive flow pressure internal gas can improve the seal. An effective seal with minimal leakage or no leakage in a small or low profile mask can be performed for many users, without the need for the mask to include pads or similar to a conventional direct nasal interface that protrudes in the user's nostrils. An effective seal can be performed at relatively low gas flow rates through the mask which creates a relatively low internal gas pressure in the seal against the nose. In addition, because the seal, at least in the preferred modes, maintains its shape or structure even when not used or under internal gas pressure, the way to place or position the mask on the face can be more intuitive for a user. OTHER HEAD ACCESSORIES
    [00115] Figures 25 to 29 illustrate head accessory arrangements that provide an advantageous force vector for a patient interface or respiratory mask, such as an obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) mask, sitting on the side behind the head and partially or completely covering the ears. See, for example, Figure 25.
    [00116] Head accessory 200 may comprise a lightweight, extensible fabric, such as Lycra or a similar material, with a more substantial fabric that provides support. See, for example, Figure 28.
    [00117] In some configurations, the section 210 that covers the ears can be made of a very thin light-weight extensible fabric to maximize user comfort. In some of these configurations, the more substantial fabric 220 (which may be heavier and / or less extensible) is used to construct a portion or all of the rest of the headgear. See, for example, Figure 26.
    [00118] The establishment of layers of fabrics 211 and 212 that have different properties or characteristics (for example, different levels of elasticity) in some regions may provide more structure for stability and ease of adjustment. See, for example, Figure 26.
    [00119] In one or more modalities, there are wider attachment points 230 (for example, wider than conventional masks / comparable headgear) on the front to keep the mask seal stable and inhibit or prevent friction on the face. The attachment points 230 can be as wide as a significant or substantial portion of the height of the mask seal 280. See, for example, Figure 25.
    [00120] There may be a generally circular or halo-shaped cutout 240 in some modalities to surround the parietal region for stability and reduced volume. See, for example, Figure 26.
    [00121] In some configurations, the more substantial tissue may extend beyond the front of the ear to provide more structure to the headgear and prevent it from bending over the ear. See, for example, Figure 26.
    [00122] In some configurations, the headgear 200 (or a main body of the headgear) can be composed only of light weight extensible fabric that extends in a region 250 towards the back of the head. See, for example, Figure 27.
    [00123] In some configurations, the head accessory 200 may consist of lightweight, extensible fabric that extends towards the back of the head and includes sections of more substantial material around the rear 250 to provide structure. See, for example, Figure 27.
    [00124] In some configurations, the head accessory can be adjustable at the top 260 of the halo. See, for example, Figure 28.
    [00125] In some configurations, the head accessory 200 may have a thermoformed section that holds the ear cover 270 outside the ear at a desirable distance, which may be a relatively short distance, in some embodiments. See, for example, Figure 29.
    [00126] In some of these configurations, the headgear 200 may have a curved plastic part 270 that sits outside the ear at a desirable distance, which allows the headgear to be slid over the ears more easily. See, for example, Figure 29.
    [00127] Figures 30 to 36 illustrate extensible head accessory arrangements 300 that use the chin and the parietal region of the head as anchor points.
    [00128] In some configurations, the main structure 300 is composed of elastic straps, preferably tied in a circular fashion, which widen around the chin 310 and the back of the head 320. The wider sections can be composed of extensible fabrics, such as Lycra or a similar fabric. See, for example, Figures 30 and 31.
    [00129] In some configurations, there may be 330 adjustment points that sit above the ears. See, for example, Figures 30 and 31.
    [00130] Some benefits of such an arrangement are those in which the head accessory 300 is light weight, does not move below the ears, which helps in the adjustment, and has a smaller volume than the conventional head accessory.
    [00131] In some configurations, additional straps 340 connect mask 380 to head attachment 300. These can also be adjustable to provide enhanced customization of the fit. See, for example, Figures 30 and 31.
    [00132] There may be a single or multiple masking clamping straps 340 on each side. Figure 32 illustrates a single belt option.
    [00133] In some configurations, the head accessory 300 can be tightened so that it acts like a chinstrap, which helps people to breathe through their mouths. See, for example, Figure 32.
    [00134] Head accessory 300 is attached around the head and preferably does not depend on mask seal 381 as an anchor point. That is, the head accessory 300 can remain on the head without a seal 381 attached. Advantageously, such an arrangement isolates the strength of the seal from the force that holds the headgear 300 over the head. This arrangement represents an advantageous difference in relation to the conventional head accessory.
    [00135] Such configurations can work well in combination with a full face mask 380 (Figure 33) or a nasal mask 380 (see Figures 30, 32, 35 and 37). See, for example, Figure 33.
    [00136] In at least one mode, the belt 320 at the rear can be separated. In some of these arrangements, the separate portion of the belt 320 may comprise a rigid component 350. See, for example, Figure 34.
    [00137] In some configurations, the mask clamping straps 340 may comprise a handle 341 that rests on one or more hooks 342 or other retaining structures on each side of the mask frame 382. See, for example, Figures 35 and 36.
    [00138] Figures 37 to 47 illustrate head accessory arrangements 400 that preferably comprise a single elastic strap 410 that ties around the top of the head and has a rigid or flexible plastic strap 420 that is attached to the elastic strap above the ear and surrounds the lower portion of the back of the head.
    [00139] In some configurations, the rigid or flexible plastic belt 420 ends at the point of attachment 430 to the elastic belt above the ears. See, for example, Figures 37 and 46.
    [00140] The rigid or flexible plastic belt 420 can be permanently fixed by sewing, welding, riveting, crimping or trimming, etc. or a combination of these methods. In a preferred configuration, the rigid or flexible plastic belt 420 is attached by stitching. See, for example, Figures 41 to 44 and Figure 46.
    [00141] The elastic belt 410 can also be composed of several belts connected to the end point 430 of the rigid or flexible belt 440 above the ears.
    [00142] In at least one embodiment, a single elastic strap 410 can be attached or supplied through several loop holes 431 to direct the strap to the desired angle, so that the strap rests on top of the head and is redirected towards to hole 431 to provide the ideal position for fixing to mask 480.
    [00143] The belt 410 can be left in an unsecured state through the loop holes 431 to 433 at the fixing point to allow adjustability. See, for example, Figures 42 and 43.
    [00144] The rigid or flexible plastic belt 420 can be covered by fabric or foam 440 etc. See, for example, Figures 45 and 47.
    [00145] The plastic component 420 can be die cut or injection molded, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the plastic component or the belt 420 is injection molded.
    [00146] The plastic component 420 can be woven to be pleasant / soft to the touch.
    [00147] In one configuration, the elastic belt 410, which is preferably tied in a circular fashion, can be all of the same width or diameter or can be wider in portions 411 for comfort. See, for example, Figure 41.
    [00148] In some configurations, the elastic belt 410 may have extensible areas 412 and non-extensible areas 413. See, for example, Figure 40. OTHER SEALS
    [00149] Figures 48 to 62 illustrate nasal seals 500 that have stabilizing tabs 510 to transfer the load from the sealing surface to the cheeks instead of the lip and the bridge of the nose. This allows seal 500 to be thin (for example, 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm) and, in some configurations, inflatable to conform around the nose and create a leak-free and comfortable seal. There may be support sections 530 on the silicone seal 500 that are thicker (e.g., portions of a greater wall thickness or other structures to provide increased stiffness in relation to other portions of the seal 520).
    [00150] The stabilizing tabs 510 can be more rigid and structured than the seal, but still flexible enough to conform to the facial features without causing injuries due to pressure. See, for example, Figure 51.
    [00151] The flaps 510 can be dimensioned and molded to fit on the side of the nose and preferably on the cheek area. See, for example, Figure 48.
    [00152] Preferably, the stabilizing tabs 510 disperse the loading force of the seal equally or more evenly on the face in relation to the existing nasal masks, so that there is not a single point or small area of pressure or loading.
    [00153] Preferably, the flaps 510 are wide enough to minimize the upward movement of the seal towards the eyes, as well as to provide lateral stability in the nose. See, for example, Figure 49.
    [00154] In some configurations, the inner seal 520 can seat like a conventional nasal seal over the bridge of the nose and around the sides of the nose and over the upper lip. See, for example, Figure 48.
    [00155] Flaps 510 can be integrated into the sealing surface 520 in at least one embodiment and can be made of the same material. In such an embodiment, each of the flaps 510 has one or more thicker sections 530 to provide rigidity, as well as thin sections 540 for flexibility for a desired or ideal balance between stability and weight.
    [00156] In some configurations, the sealing surface 520 can avoid contact with the bridge of the nose. This can occur in combination with integral stabilizer flaps 510 or with separate stabilizer flaps 510. See, for example, Figure 62.
    [00157] In some configurations, the 510 tabs can be separated to fit better on the face or to fit better on certain facial geometries. See, for example, Figure 61.
    [00158] In some configurations, the 510 tabs can be hollow to better conform to a variety of facial geometries. See, for example, Figures 57 to 59.
    [00159] At least in one embodiment, seal 500 can be overmolded in a plastic component 550 that has arms 551 that add rigidity to the flaps, instead of or in addition to using thick wall sections of soft elastomeric material. In such an arrangement, the plastic component 550 can be a stiffening member. See, for example, Figure 61.
    [00160] In some configurations, the flaps 510 can be separated from the sealing portion 520. The flaps 510 can be made of different materials, such as breathoprene, thermoformed breathoprene or foam or silicone foam, etc.
    [00161] The seals in Figures 48 to 62 work well in combination with any 2-point head accessory, for example, the head accessory arrangements 200 and 400 described in this document, in relation to Figures 25 to 29 and the Figures 37 to 47 respectively.
    [00162] Figure 63 illustrates a flexible mask frame 600 for OSA masks with arms 610 that cause the frame 600 to press inwardly against the seal 620 when the head fitting 630 is tightened. For example, arms 610 may extend externally (away from a user's face) to a fixation portion 611. Such an arrangement causes end portions 611 of a central or generally U-shaped portion 612 of the frame mask 600 flex inward to press seal 620. Such an arrangement helps to keep seal 620 more comfortable against the nose, thereby improving seal and / or stability. OTHER SEALS
    [00163] Figures 64 to 82 illustrate inflatable nasal seals 700 which sit under the nose and comprise wings 710 which extend around the sides of the nose, preferably below the eyes and which avoid the bridge of the nose. See, for example, Figure 79.
    [00164] In some configurations, the wings 710 are molded to fit in the transition between the nose and the cheeks, on both sides, for stability, to prevent leaks and to allow the movement of the seal 700.
    [00165] In some configurations, the seal 700 is small enough, so that the tip of the nose is exposed to accommodate different sizes of noses. See, for example, Figure 82.
    [00166] In some configurations, the sealing portion 720 is relatively thin (such as about 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm), but may be thicker in certain areas 721 to provide structure (for example, greater rigidity) . See, for example, Figure 68.
    [00167] In some configurations, the downward pressure on the lower sealing surface 720 pushes the wings 710 inward in a tightening motion, which creates a better seal and a more secure fit. See, for example, Figure 73.
    [00168] In some configurations, the outer wall of one or more portions of the seal (for example, wings 710) is substantially thicker than the inner wall 720 to direct inflation inward and to push inflatable portion 720 against the face. See, for example, Figure 68.
    [00169] In some configurations, there is a single opening 730 for airflow to the nostrils. However, in other configurations, there may be two or more openings 730 for airflow to the nostrils.
    [00170] In some configurations, seal 700 may include the tip of the nose that is contacted or partially or completely covered by the inflatable portion to provide a better seal. See, for example, Figure 71.
    [00171] The nasal seal 700 can be used in combination with a mask frame 740 that is flexible enough to tighten the seal towards the nose to provide a closer fit and a better seal. See, for example, Figure 75.
    [00172] As described above, in some configurations, nasal seal 700 may have separate openings 731 and 732 for each nostril. See, for example, Figure 76.
    [00173] In at least one configuration, the inflatable nasal seal 700 has no wings, only a base 750 under the nose. See, for example, Figure 77.
    [00174] In some configurations, the nasal seal 700 may have small angled projections 760 in the top and / or bottom corners of the seal 700 that can assist in the stability of the seal. See, for example, Figures 79 to 80.
    [00175] One or more configurations of the nasal seal 700 of Figures 64 to 82 can be configured to operate well with the head accessory 400 described in this document, in relation to Figures 37 to 47.
    [00176] The foregoing describes the invention, including its preferred forms, and changes and modifications evident to an individual skilled in the art are intended to be incorporated into the scope of the same.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Nasal seal for a mask interface, the seal comprising: (i) a side of contact with the face or user comprising: - a central receiving part of a malleable lower nose (39) to receive and contact the tip in a sealed manner , the lower sides and the base of a user's nose and contact the upper lip in a sealed way and position an opening (40) for the gas flow underneath the user's nostrils, - the central receiving part of the malleable lower nose ( 39) comprising portions of the wall on the left and right sides (43, 44) on the left and right sides of the opening to contact the lower left and right sides of the user's nose, and (ii) an outer side of the seal opposite the side of contact with the face or user of the seal, whose external side comprises the external left and right parts (63, 64) that come into contact with the face adjacent to the lower flanks of the nose on the left and right sides of the nose when used, characterized by p the fact that: (iii) the seal comprises a hollow interior between the side of contact with the face or user of the seal and the external side of the seal opposite the side of contact with the face or user of the seal, and extending between the portions of the wall on the left and right sides on the left and right sides of the opening, (iv) the central receiving part of malleable lower nose (39) on the side of contact with the face or user comprises a pre-formed central concave shape for receiving and contact the tip, bottom sides and base of a user's nose in a sealed way and contact the upper lip in a sealed way and position the gas flow opening under the user's nostrils, (v) the side wall portions left and right (43, 44) or at least the upper sections of the left and right side portions of the wall (43, 44) on the contact side of the face or user have a projected or convex shape on opposite sides of the seal, (vi) the left and left external parts right (63, 64) on the outside of the seal opposite the user's side comprise the left and right outer stabilizing parts, which end at the left and right outer tips (67, 68) that come into contact with the face adjacent to the lower flanks of the nose on the left and right sides of the nose when used, said left and right outer parts (63, 64) of the seal being less flexible in relation to, or rigid in relation to at least the central part of the user's side of the seal and (vii) the seal is structured so that the downward pressure in the central receiving part of the lower nose on the user's side of the seal by the nose, when the seal is fitted to the nose, causes the left and right sides of the seal to both sides of the opening pull inward in a pinching motion towards the nose.
    [0002]
    2. Nasal seal according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the projected outward or convex shape of the left and right wall portions (43, 44) or the upper sections of the left and right wall portions right (43, 44) are arranged for sealing against the crease or recess at the junction between the bottom of the sides of the nose and the face.
    [0003]
    3. Nasal seal, according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the seal has a height and shape projected outward or convex from the left and right wall portions (43, 44) or the upper sections of the portions of left and right wall (43, 44) are above the opening (40) at a height of the fence.
    [0004]
    4. Nasal seal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the left and right outer parts (63, 64) on the outer side of the seal are less flexible or rigid both in relation to the central receiving part lower nose (39) and in relation to the left and right external stabilization parts (53, 54) on the user side of the seal.
    [0005]
    Nasal seal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the seal has depth and a bridge portion between the outer side of the seal and the upper wall section on the user side of the seal whose portion of the seal bridge is flexible in the depth of the seal.
    [0006]
    Nasal seal according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the seal has depth and a lower edge (40a) of the opening (40) is spaced backwards in the depth of the seal in relation to an edge top of the opening.
    [0007]
    7. The nasal seal according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the concave central part of receiving the lower nose (39) malleable has said pre-formed shape when it is not under internal gas pressure positive from within the seal and has resilience or memory in the direction of said preformed shape.
    [0008]
    Nasal seal according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the malleable central part of receiving the lower nose (39) comprises a portion of the upper wall (41) above the opening (40) to contact the tip of the user's nose, a lower wall portion (42) below the opening (40) and behind the upper wall portion above the opening (40) to contact the upper lip below the user's nose.
    [0009]
    9. Nasal seal according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the seal has height and depth and width and the upper wall portion (41) above the opening and the lower wall portion (42) below the opening are symmetrical with respect to separate axes (A, B) at the height of the seal, said separate axes spaced apart from each other at the depth of the seal.
    [0010]
    10. Nasal seal according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the portion of the upper wall (41) above the opening includes an upper concave section (41a) within a larger general concavity of the malleable central part on the user's side of the seal, to specifically receive the tip of the nose, whose upper concave section (41a) is concave in height and width of the seal.
    [0011]
    11. Nasal seal according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized by the fact that the seal has a height and that the portion of the lower wall (42) below the outlet opening (40) is convex at the height of the seal and concave the width of the fence.
    [0012]
    12. Nasal seal according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the user's side of the seal comprises left and right external stabilizing parts (53, 54) outside the left and right side wall portions of the malleable central part, to contact the adjacent sides of the user's face on the left and right sides of the nose and which are flexible, but less than the central receiving part of the lower nose (39) on the user's side of the seal, the external stabilizing parts left and right (53, 54) having a wall section thicker than a wall section of the central part.
    [0013]
    13. Interface, characterized by the fact that it comprises a seal as defined in any one of claims 1 to 12 and that includes a frame (31) including the arms on the left and right (31d) extending outward and backward beyond from the left and right ends of the seal, to extend along a user’s left and right cheeks to a location between the user’s ears and eyes and approximately the user’s temple, to connect to the harness to hold the interface on the face of a user.
    [0014]
    14. Interface according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that it also comprises the headgear comprising a rear strap (91) to extend around a rear part of a user's head and an upper strap (92) to extend over a user's head.
    [0015]
    An interface according to any one of claims 1 to 12 and which includes a structure that includes the arms on the left and right (31d) that extend through the left and right parts of the seal.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    BR112015011162B1|2021-03-30|NASAL SEALING AND RESPIRATORY INTERFACE
    US11020559B2|2021-06-01|Unobtrusive nasal mask
    US10933211B2|2021-03-02|Patient interface device with a frame assembly having a double-Y supporting structure
    US9339624B2|2016-05-17|Breathing assistance apparatus
    US8356592B2|2013-01-22|Chin pivot patient interface device
    TWI640331B|2018-11-11|Patient interface and headgear for a respiratory apparatus
    AU2016202799B2|2016-11-17|Breathing assistance apparatus
    AU2015201920B2|2016-07-07|Breathing assistance apparatus
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AU2020257102A1|2020-11-19|
    JP2019058675A|2019-04-18|
    JP6794418B2|2020-12-02|
    GB201508505D0|2015-07-01|
    US10821250B2|2020-11-03|
    CN104968387B|2018-02-23|
    WO2014077708A1|2014-05-22|
    GB2522582A|2015-07-29|
    EP2919842A1|2015-09-23|
    EP2919842A4|2016-06-29|
    CN104968387A|2015-10-07|
    US20210244906A1|2021-08-12|
    JP2015534892A|2015-12-07|
    GB2522582B|2019-09-04|
    JP2020203096A|2020-12-24|
    CN108114356A|2018-06-05|
    JP6716252B2|2020-07-01|
    DE112013005483T5|2015-08-13|
    CA2891782A1|2014-05-22|
    GB2572108A|2019-09-18|
    CN108114356B|2021-06-22|
    AU2018211236B2|2020-07-23|
    GB2572108B|2019-12-04|
    AU2018211236A1|2018-08-16|
    AU2013345489B2|2018-06-21|
    GB201909174D0|2019-08-07|
    AU2013345489A1|2015-06-04|
    US20150328423A1|2015-11-19|
    BR112015011162A2|2017-07-11|
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    法律状态:
    2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-11-12| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-09| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-30| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 15/11/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201261727322P| true| 2012-11-16|2012-11-16|
    US61/727,322|2012-11-16|
    PCT/NZ2013/000211|WO2014077708A1|2012-11-16|2013-11-15|Nasal seal and respiratory interface|
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